Black Lion Research Letrone v2

Anti-Estrogen

Atractylodes Macrocephala

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (A. macrocephala), a Chinese medicinal herb, has been extensively used to treat digestive diseases in China and most other Asian countries (PPRC, 2005; Lee et al, 2007). Dry rhizomes of A. macrocephala are rich in sesquiterpenes and acetylenic compounds (Endo et al, 1979; Chen 1987; Huang et al, 1992; Lin et al, 1997). Typical polysaccharides atractan A, B, and C, present in A. macrocephala, have been reported to exhibit hypoglycaemic activities (Wang et al, 2000; Jia et al, 2003). Although atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II and atractylenolide III are all bioactive substances present in Atractylodes macrocephalae, the majority of research studies carried out in the recent years have focused on atractylenolide II and atractylenolide III (Kang et al., 2011b). Atractylenolide II is a marker substance present in Atractylodes macrocephalae which exhibits well-documented gastrointestinal inhibitory effects and anticancer activity (Zhang et al., 1999; Liu et al., 2005). Atractylenolide II is one of the main constituents present in the effective volatile oil fraction (Li et al., 2001), potentially effective in treating senile dementia. Atractylenolide III is a possible candidate for the treatment of human lung carcinoma (Kang et al., 2011a).

What to Expect from Letrone (v2)?

• Aromatase inhibition

Primary targets for aromatase inhibition are atractylenolide 1 2 and 3 with atractylenolide 1 being exceptionally strong with 94.5% inhibition.

Abstract: Ten compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of Atractylodes
macrocephala and their aromatase inhibiting activities were tested using an in vitro
fluorescent-based aromatase assay. The results indicated that atractylenolide I (1),
atractylenolide II (2) and atractylenolide III (3) had inhibition ratios of 94.56 ± 0.70%,
90.93 ± 1.41% and 86.31 ± 8.46%, respectively, at a concentration of 10 μM. We conclude
from our results that atractylenolide and its derivates may serve as potential aromatase
inhibitors (AIs) and thus merit continued study in the future.

Atractylenolides also shows exceptional oral bioavailability. There are many AIs in nature—during research we uncovered well over 100 potentials—but unfortunately 99.9999% of them are poorly absorbed orally which limits their potential. Atractylenolide by contrast is very well absorbed.

• Potent Anabolism

Letrone is a stout AI but it also shows significant anabolic potential by increasing endogenous hormones. In one animal study growth was increased by 20% compared to control when animals were fed atractylodes macrocephala. The increase in growth was attributed to increases in-:

• Growth hormone x30%
• IGF-1 x52%
• T3 x47%
• T4 x36%
• cAMP x21%

Study: The Endocrinal Mechanism of Polysaccharide of Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets--
"Comparing to the control group, the PAM group increased the average gain weight by 20.72%"
"increased the levels of growth hormone(GH),insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I),3,5,3′-triiodothyronine(T3),3,5,3′,5′-tetraiodothyronine(T4) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) in serum by 30.77%(P0.05),52.02%(P0.05),47.60%(P0.05),36.70%(P0.05) and 21.15%(P0.05), respectively. The results indicated that PAM improved the growth performance of weaned piglets through the endocrinal system. Furthermore,it is possible that PAM altered the growth performance of weaned piglets by up-regulating the synthesis and secretion of GH,IGF-1,T3,T4 and cAMP."

Finally, Atractylodes macrocephala potentiates Ghrelin secretion and receptor signaling. Ghrelin increases hunger and Growth hormone secretion. This effect has some overlap with Androgin as well.

• Enhanced Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

Study: The Roots of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi Enhanced Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in C2C12 Myotubes via Mitochondrial Regulation